城市生活有机垃圾厌氧降解的过程机理与工程应用研究

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	城市生活有机垃圾厌氧降解的过程机理与工程应用研究
其他题名	Study on mechanism and application of anaerobic degradation for organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW)
	李东
导师	袁振宏
	2009-11
学位授予单位	中国科学院研究生院
学位授予地点	北京
学位名称	博士
学位专业	热能工程
关键词	城市生活有机垃圾厌氧发酵氢气甲烷经济性 Organic Fraction Of Municipal Solid Waste Anaerobic Fermentation Hydrogen Methane Economy
摘要	In this thesis，the characteristics of anaerobic fermentation production of hydrogen and methane were investigated, the anaerobic co-production of hydrogen and methane was introduced to increase energy recovery efficiency, and the anaerobic co-digestion of kitchen waste and waste paper was adopted to avoid the inhibiton of intermediate metabolite on anaerobic degradation. Next, using mechanically sorted and water sorted OFMSW (MS-OFMSW and WS-OFMSW) as substrates, material characteristics were analyzed and the anaerobic methane productions were carried out. Finally, a 500 tons/day treatment process of anaerobic digestion and co-production of heat，power and fertilizer was designed in the light of the bench-scale experimental results. And the economic evaluation was carried out based on the analysis of mass and energy balance. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) The biochemical methane potentials (BMPs) of sugar and starch are 260 mL/gVS, and the BMPs of cellulose, crude fiber, protein and lipid are 244, 145, 258, 757 mL/gVS respectively. For the protein material, anaerobic degaradation would be inhibited by the high concentrations of volatile fatty acids (VFAs) and ammonia and an “inhibited steady state” without methane production may form. In case of lipid, anaerobic digestion would be inhibited by the long chain fatty acids (LCFAs). (2) Compared to the protein, lipid and lignocellulose, the carbohydrates (including sugar, starch and cellulose) are the optimal substrate for anaerobic hydrogen production. The anaerobic co-production of hydrogen and methane could be used to increase energy recovery efficiency. (3) The anaerobic degradation of kitchen waste was inhibited by the high concentration of VFAs. The anaerobic co-digestion of kitchen waste and waste paper can be adopted to avoid the inhibiton of VFAs. (4) Compared to the MS-OFMSW, the WS-OFMSW was a good material for anaerobic methane production with VS/TS of 61.6%. The methane yield of WS-OFMSW was 273~314 L/kgVS. (5) The economic feasibility was dependent on financial subsidy, tax incentive and extra revenue from clean development mechanisim (CDM).
其他摘要	首先进行城市生活有机垃圾典型组分的厌氧发酵产甲烷和产氢特性研究，在此基础上，设计厌氧发酵联产氢气和甲烷的组合工艺提高能源回收效率，并采用厨余垃圾和废纸联合厌氧消化的方式避免厨余垃圾单独厌氧消化的挥发性脂肪酸抑制。其次，结合国内近年出现的城市生活垃圾分选技术，分别以机械干分选有机垃圾和水分选有机垃圾为原料进行厌氧发酵产甲烷实验，并根据实验结果设计日处理500吨城市生活垃圾厌氧沼气工程及进行经济性评价。主要结论如下：（1）糖和淀粉类的生化产甲烷能力为260 mL/gVS，纤维素，粗纤维、蛋白类和脂类分别为244、145、258 、757 mL/gVS；蛋白质类原料在厌氧消化过程中容易形成“抑制型稳态”；脂类原料容易导致长链脂肪酸抑制。（2）碳水化合物（糖、淀粉和纤维素）是最佳的厌氧发酵制氢原料，蛋白类、脂类和木质纤维类均不适宜作为厌氧发酵制氢原料。采用厌氧发酵联产氢气和甲烷的组合工艺可以显著提高能源回收率。（3）厨余垃圾单独厌氧发酵容易受到VFAs的强烈抑制，采用厨余垃圾与废纸联合厌氧发酵，能够避免VFAs抑制。（4）水分选有机垃圾的生物可降解性优于机械干分选有机垃圾，在原料TS浓度为11%~16%时的甲烷产率为273~314 L/kgVS。（5）国家财政补贴，税收优惠和CDM额外收益决定了城市生活垃圾的厌氧消化与热电肥联产工程的经济可行性。
学科领域	热能工程
页数	140
语种	中文
文献类型	学位论文
条目标识符	http://ir.giec.ac.cn/handle/344007/1855
专题	中国科学院广州能源研究所生物质能源生化转化实验室
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	李东. 城市生活有机垃圾厌氧降解的过程机理与工程应用研究[D]. 北京. 中国科学院研究生院,2009.

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